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Abbas ibn Firnas
Abbas ibn Firnas (810–887 A.D.), also known as Abbas Abu al-Qasim ibn Firnas ibn Wirdas al-Takurini ((アラビア語:عباس بن فرناس)), was an Andalusian polymath:〔« Ibn Firnas ('Abbâs) » by Ahmed Djebbar, ''Dictionnaire culturel des science'', by Collective under the direction of Nicolas Witkowski, Du Regard Editions, 2003, ISBN 2-84105-128-5.〕〔Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", ''Technology and Culture'' 2 (2), p. 97-111 (): 〕 an inventor, physician, engineer, Andalusian musician, and Arabic-language poet.〔 Often said to be of Berber descent,〔(Le premier homme volant était berbère, ''Zamane'', 7-11-2012 )〕 he was born in Izn-Rand Onda, Al-Andalus (today's Ronda, Spain), lived in the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba, and is reputed to have attempted flight.〔Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", ''Technology and Culture'' 2 (2), p. 97-111 ()〕
The crater Ibn Firnas on the Moon is named in his honor, as well as the Ibn Firnas Airport in Baghdad.
== Work ==
Abbas Ibn Firnas designed a water clock called al-Maqata, devised a means of manufacturing colorless glass, invented various glass planispheres, made corrective lenses ("reading stones"), devised a chain of rings that could be used to simulate the motions of the planets and stars, and developed a process for cutting rock crystal that allowed Spain to cease exporting quartz to Egypt to be cut.〔〔
He had devized a room in his house for simulating stars, clouds, thunder, and lightning; the mechanisms which produced these were located in the basement. It is reported that he contrived ‘some sort of metronome’ , an instrument with an inverted pendulum that could be set to beat so many times per minute, a loud ticking aiding the play of music at proper tempo."〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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